{"id":68234,"date":"2024-03-08T14:56:58","date_gmt":"2024-03-08T07:56:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/?p=68234"},"modified":"2024-05-06T11:01:29","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T04:01:29","slug":"dieu-tri-phoi-nhiem-hiv-co-khoi-khong-gia-thuoc-chong-phoi-nhiem-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/dieu-tri-phoi-nhiem-hiv-co-khoi-khong-gia-thuoc-chong-phoi-nhiem-hiv\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng? Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"

HIV kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi nghi ng\u1edd m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV? S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, D\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u0129 L\u01b0u V\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV<\/span><\/h2>\n
$\"Ph\u01a1i$
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c da c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e1u, m\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/span><\/p>\n
D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c ARV (thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng HIV) l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ARV \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c ARV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong 2 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m (PrEP).<\/span><\/li>\n
D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m (PEP).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
PrEP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n
$\"PrEP$
PrEP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi HIV (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 PrEP) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ARV (thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng HIV) cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0a nhi\u1ec5m HIV nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 97% trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP?<\/span><\/h2>\n
Sau khi u\u1ed1ng, thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng cho virus HIV x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p virus x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/span><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP n\u1ebfu tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 90%.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh PrEP<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/td>\n Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HIV \u00e2m t\u00ednh<\/span><\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng HIV c\u1ea5p<\/span><\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao nhi\u1ec5m HIV, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su v\u1edbi t\u1eeb 2 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1edf l\u00ean (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 quan h\u1ec7 theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n)<\/span><\/li>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao nhi\u1ec5m HIV ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV hay kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/li>\n
B\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m HIV nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ARV ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ARV nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HIV l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 200 b\u1ea3n sao\/mL ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HIV<\/span><\/li>\n
C\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed m\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c<\/span><\/li>\n
\u0110\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV (PEP) v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao<\/span><\/li>\n
D\u00f9ng chung b\u01a1m kim ti\u00eam ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ti\u00eam ch\u00edch<\/span><\/li>\n
C\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP<\/span><\/li>\n
Mong mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
HIV d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh<\/span><\/p>\n
C\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5m HIV<\/span><\/p>\n
D\u1ecb \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o trong ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 PrEP<\/span><\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 TDF (Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 thanh th\u1ea3i creatinin d\u01b0\u1edbi 60 mL\/ph\u00fat ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 35kg<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/h2>\n
$\"C\u00e1c$
C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 2 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 PrEP h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 PrEP theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
PrEP h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong danh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP.<\/span><\/p>\n
PrEP theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n
Nam gi\u1edbi (c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi), ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n n\u1eef gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hormone k\u00e8m theo:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c trung b\u00ecnh < 2 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/li>\n
D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng HIV trong v\u00f2ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 24 gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
N\u1eef gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1edbi n\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p hormone.<\/span><\/li>\n
B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n vi\u00eam gan B m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eam ch\u00edch ma t\u00fay.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV.<\/span><\/li>\n
X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m creatinin.<\/span><\/li>\n
X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m vi\u00eam gan B.<\/span><\/li>\n
X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m vi\u00eam gan C.<\/span><\/li>\n
X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/li>\n
Th\u1eed thai (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/h2>\n
$\"Ph\u00e1c$
Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c sau:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Emtricitabine (300mg\/200mg).<\/span><\/li>\n
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Lamivudine (300mg\/300mg).<\/span><\/li>\n
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (300mg).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Emtricitabine (300mg\/200mg) ho\u1eb7c Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Lamivudine (300mg\/300mg) cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p PrEP theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 2 thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung b\u01a1m kim ti\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eam ch\u00edch.<\/span><\/li>\n
N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean r\u1eddi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n
PrEP u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/span><\/td>\n PrEP u\u1ed1ng theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y u\u1ed1ng 1 vi\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n
Nam quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1edbi theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u u\u1ed1ng 2 vi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n sau u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y 1 vi\u00ean0<\/span><\/td>\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Emtricitabine (300mg\/200mg) theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: 2 + 1 + 1<\/span><\/p>\n
Li\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean u\u1ed1ng 2 vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u1eeb 2-24 gi\u1edd<\/span><\/p>\n
U\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean th\u1ee9 3 sau 24 gi\u1edd so v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/p>\n
U\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean th\u1ee9 4 sau 24 gi\u1edd so v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 hai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
U\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong bao l\u00e2u?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u<\/span><\/td>\n PrEP ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1i \u0111a sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 21 ng\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n<\/span><\/td>\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y u\u1ed1ng 1 vi\u00ean th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau 7 ng\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu u\u1ed1ng 2 vi\u00ean Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Emtricitabine tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quan h\u1ec7 2-24 gi\u1edd\u00a0 th\u00ec c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1edbm<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u th\u00ec c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft 28 ng\u00e0y sau l\u1ea7n ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1edbi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n th\u00ec c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c 2 ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo sau l\u1ea7n ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP<\/span><\/h2>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1edbi n\u1eef \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hormone: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/Emtricitabine kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hormone nh\u01b0ng hormone c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu dung thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y th\u00ec thu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn \u1edf li\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai v\u00e0 cho con b\u00fa: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay: C\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n.<\/span><\/p>\n
Thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cao: T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sinh s\u1ea3n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/span><\/p>\n
B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n vi\u00eam gan B: Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV n\u1ebfu \u00e2m t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/h2>\n
$\"Ng\u1eebng$
Ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV.<\/span><\/li>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/span><\/li>\n
Kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u1edbi ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
PEP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV (PEP) l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng virus HIV cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi HIV.<\/span><\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, <\/span>thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV 72 gi\u1edd<\/b> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n 72 gi\u1edd sau khi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/h2>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Kim ti\u00eam \u0111\u00e2m xuy\u00ean qua da trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ecdc d\u00f2, ti\u00eam truy\u1ec1n,…<\/span><\/li>\n
M\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi HIV d\u00ednh v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng da b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c v\u00f9ng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c (m\u1eaft, m\u0169i, h\u1ecdng) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n
C\u00e1c v\u1eadt s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn c\u00f3 d\u00ednh m\u00e1u, d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi HIV g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung b\u01a1m kim ti\u00eam v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00edch ma t\u00fay.<\/span><\/li>\n
Quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/li>\n
Bao cao su b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch trong khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/li>\n
B\u1ecb hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2m, c\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u00e2m.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 khi thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/td>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u1eaft: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i sinh l\u00fd 0,9% \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda m\u1eaft. N\u00ean r\u1eeda li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong v\u00f2ng 5 ph\u00fat, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda m\u1eaft.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean da c\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u: Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1eeda v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eb7n b\u00f3p v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng qua ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i, mi\u1ec7ng: Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1eeda m\u0169i ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf m\u0169i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i sinh l\u00fd 0,9%. S\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i sinh l\u00fd 0,9% li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m do ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/td>\n Ghi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m trong H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ghi r\u00f5 ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh x\u1ea3y ra ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/p>\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ea5y ch\u1eef k\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/td>\n Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1: Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u, qua ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c (t\u1eeb d\u1ecbch \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o, tinh d\u1ecbch, s\u1eefa m\u1eb9, d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c), v\u00f9ng da c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ebft tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o, mi\u1ec7ng, m\u1eaft, ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, da. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV cao.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1: Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch n\u00f4n, n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u, d\u1ecbch m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i, n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e1u v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng da l\u00e0nh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y<\/span><\/td>\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV: Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c ARV<\/span><\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng HIV: L\u1ea5y m\u00e1u x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m HIV hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec coi ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ghi r\u00f5 trong bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng HIV c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/td>\n T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV ngay theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh: ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1eeb\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
tr\u01b0\u1edbc; t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ARV ngay.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 6: T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/td>\n Nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 vi r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan B, C<\/span><\/p>\n
L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2m<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c ARV<\/span><\/p>\n
Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u1ea5p: s\u1ed1t, ph\u00e1t ban, n\u00f4n, thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u, n\u1ed5i h\u1ea1ch…<\/span><\/p>\n
53<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
l\u00e0m l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c d\u00f9 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV \u00e2m t\u00ednh (th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5), v\u00ec v\u1eady\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng PEP, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
HIV nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 7<\/span><\/td>\n K\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi HIV<\/span><\/h2>\n
Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh PEP cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u, d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt, m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi HIV \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi g\u00e1i m\u1ea1i d\u00e2m nh\u01b0ng \u00edt khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung b\u01a1m kim ti\u00eam.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c ARV<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean 10 tu\u1ed5i: \u01afu ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TDF (Tenofovir) + 3TC (Lamivudine) (ho\u1eb7c FTC (Emtricitabine)) + DTG (Dolutegravir). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng TDF + 3TC (ho\u1eb7c FTC) + LPV\/r (Lopinavir + Ritonavir) ho\u1eb7c TDF + 3TC (ho\u1eb7c FTC) + RAL (Raltegravir).<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 tu\u1ed5i: \u01afu ti\u00ean ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 AZT (Zidovudine) + 3TC + DTG ho\u1eb7c ABC + 3TC + DTG ho\u1eb7c TDF + 3TC + DTG. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng AZT + 3TC + LPV\/r ho\u1eb7c AZT + 3TC + RAL.<\/span><\/p>\n
Th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ee7 28 ng\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n
Theo d\u00f5i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 x\u1eed tr\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV sau 1 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 3 th\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span><\/li>\n
T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u, quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, nu\u00f4i con b\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/li>\n
Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao t\u00e1i nhi\u1ec5m sau khi ng\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb PEP v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV \u00e2m t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/h3>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf virus kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m, h\u00e3y b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m 28 ng\u00e0y?<\/span><\/h3>\n
PEP l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/span><\/p>\n
M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PEP l\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t virus v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Do \u0111\u00f3, PEP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t sau khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng bao cao su trong v\u00f2ng 72 gi\u1edd sau khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. PEP n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 28 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/h3>\n
$\"S\u1eed$
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec PrEP kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng mang thai ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV<\/span><\/h3>\n
Thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba HIV 72 gi\u1edd gi\u00e1 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n
C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i mua thu\u1ed1c, gi\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV s\u1ebd dao \u0111\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 800.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 2.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n
Mua thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/span><\/h3>\n
$\"Mua$
Mua thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
PrEP hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i 26 t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV\/AIDS c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/h2>\n
HIV l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi virus HIV. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV gi\u00fap \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
HIV kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi nghi ng\u1edd m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV? S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, D\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u0129 L\u01b0u V\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft Ph\u01a1i […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":68235,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-y-te-suc-khoe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68234"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72449,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68234\/revisions\/72449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}