vitamin B12<\/a>, D v\u00e0\/ ho\u1eb7c calci
\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 b\u1ed5 sung cho nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao
\nC\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi h\u1ea5p thu ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng
\nPh\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n: vitamin tan trong d\u1ea7u, vitamin nh\u00f3m B, s\u1eaft, calci, k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111a vitamin\/ \u0111a kho\u00e1ng
\nThi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3: vitamin B12 (u\u1ed1ng 1-2 mg\/ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eam b\u1eafp 0,1-1 mg\/th\u00e1ng)
\nB\u1ec7nh Crohn, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd vi\u00eam ru\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c, b\u1ec7nh celiac: s\u1eaft, vitamin nh\u00f3m B, vitamin D, k\u1ebdm, magnesi
\nLo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u01a1ng: vitamin D, calci, magnesia
\nTho\u00e1i h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0ng do tu\u1ed5i: c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng vitamin ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u1ed3ng
\nC\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y):
\nThu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf b\u01a1m proton (a): vitamin B12, calci, magnesi
\nMetformin (a): vitamin B12
\nC\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n: \u0111a vitamin\/ \u0111a kho\u00e1ng, vitamin B12, calci, vitamin D, magnesi
\n(a) B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\nPh\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai<\/h2>\n
\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mang thai ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thai k\u00ec n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng acid folic m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (0,4-0,8 mg\/ng\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh. Acid folic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong r\u1ea5t \u00edt vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 sinh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hay th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (folate) [2]. Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung \u0111a vitamin\/ \u0111a kho\u00e1ng s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p acid folic c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vitamin D v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang thai. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0103n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft. Tuy c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi k\u00ea th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung s\u1eaft cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hemoglobin ho\u1eb7c ferritin th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u thi\u1ebfu s\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung s\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng qui trong thai k\u00ec v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 [2].<\/p>\n
B\u1ed5 sung calci c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p thai k\u00ec v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n gi\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh [2]. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung vitamin D li\u1ec1u cao trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec mang thai c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u [2]. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 khoa Hoa K\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t tay h\u1eefu \u00edch d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang thai [4].<\/p>\n
Tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf<\/h2>\n
Vi\u1ec7n Nhi khoa Hoa K\u00ec khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (1) c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung vitamin D (400 IU\/ng\u00e0y), b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay sau khi sinh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eefa to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng vitamin D (\u22651 L\/ng\u00e0y) v\u00e0 (2) b\u1ed5 sung s\u1eaft (1 mg\/kg\/d) t\u1eeb khi 4 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0103n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1eaft, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 khi 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i [5]. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb \u0103n s\u1eefa c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u th\u00eam vitamin D v\u00e0 (th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3) s\u1eaft, n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c vi ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu s\u1eaft v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u thi\u1ebfu s\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung \u0111a vitamin\/ \u0111a kho\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nhu c\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, acid b\u00e9o omega-3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 k\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m t\u1eadp trung \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vitamin B12, ng\u01b0\u1eddi 50 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p thu k\u00e9m d\u1ea1ng vitamin t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u1eafn protein v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n b\u1ed5 sung B12 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung hay th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng [6]. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi d\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n (xem B\u1ea3ng).<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vitamin D, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o b\u1ed5 sung hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh (l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng) v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 600 IU\/ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi 70 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 800 IU\/ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean 70 tu\u1ed5i [7]. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o li\u1ec1u 1000 \u0111\u1ebfn 2000 IU\/ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i th\u00eam l\u1ee3i \u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (NCT01169259 and ACTRN12613000743763) s\u1ebd s\u1edbm gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e1c th\u1eafc m\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi calci, nhu c\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 1000 mg\/ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi 51-70 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 1200 mg\/ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef 51-70 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean 70 tu\u1ed5i [7]. Do g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed5 sung calci c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ecfi th\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o n\u00f3i tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n gi\u00e0u calci v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a calci khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nhu c\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 500 mg calci\/ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng) [2]. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch g\u1ed9p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ed5 sung calci li\u1ec1u v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (<1000 mg\/ng\u00e0y) v\u00e0 vitamin D (\u2265800 IU\/ng\u00e0y) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef sau m\u00e3n kinh v\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi 65 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean [2].<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o b\u1ed5 sung \u0111a vitamin\/ \u0111a kho\u00e1ng \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh [8]. M\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean nam gi\u1edbi Hoa K\u00ec th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0 [9], nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch theo t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 4 n\u0103m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (NCT02422745) v\u1edbi k\u00ec v\u1ecdng l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u2013 nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111a vitamin\/ \u0111a kho\u00e1ng trong d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n
Khi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u00e0 so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c hay c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c) khi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ed5 sung vitamin K c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a warfarin, v\u00e0 biotin (vitamin B7) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m troponin tim v\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ki\u1ec3m tra t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ph\u00ed (t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm interaction checkers tr\u00ean drugs.com, WebMD ho\u1eb7c trang m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c).<\/p>\n
B\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng C\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m Hoa K\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n r\u00e0 so\u00e1t an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00eam c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t (GMP) c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 GMP l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c khuy\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i vi khu\u1ea9n, kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng hay c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c. B\u00e1c s\u0129 (hay b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n) c\u1ea7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n nghi ng\u1edd do th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho C\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ed5ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u00f4ng tin an to\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn (Medwatch). M\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c d\u00e0nh cho c\u1ea3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 trang m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Y t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u00ec.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00ed th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n
Kantor ED, Rehm CD, Du M, White E, Giovannucci EL. Trends in dietary supplement use among US adults from 1999-2012. JAMA. 2016;316(14):1464-1474.
\nRautiainen S, Manson JE, Lichtenstein AH, Sesso HD. Dietary supplements and disease prevention: a global overview. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016;12(7):407-420.
\nMarra MV, Boyar AP. Position of the American Dietetic Association: nutrient supplementation. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109(12):2073-2085.
\nAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Nutrition during pregnancy. https:\/\/www.acog.org\/Patients\/FAQs\/Nutrition-During-Pregnancy. Published April 2015. Accessed November 20, 2017.
\nAmerican Academy of Pediatrics. Vitamin D & iron supplements for babies: AAP recommendations. HealthyChildren.org. https:\/\/www.healthychildren.org\/English\/ages-stages\/baby\/feeding-nutrition\/Pages\/Vitamin-Iron-Supplements.aspx. Updated May 27, 2016. Accessed November 20, 2017.
\nInstitute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 1998.
\nInstitute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2011.
\nMoyer VA; US Preventive Services Task Force. Vitamin, mineral, and multivitamin supplements for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(8):558-564.
\nGaziano JM, Sesso HD, Christen WG, et al. Multivitamins in the prevention of cancer in men: the Physicians\u2019 Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2012;308(18):1871-1880.<\/p>\n
( JoAnn E. Manson, Shari S. Bassuk; B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean JAMA ng\u00e0y 05\/02\/2018).<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 30 t\u1ec9 dollar \u1edf Hoa K\u00ec, v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 90.000 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 52% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u1edf Hoa K\u00ec khai b\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-y-te-suc-khoe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4142\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}