{"id":33421,"date":"2022-07-14T12:31:41","date_gmt":"2022-07-14T05:31:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vnras.com\/drug\/?p=33421"},"modified":"2022-10-12T17:18:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-12T10:18:32","slug":"benh-phoi-tac-nghen-man-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/benh-phoi-tac-nghen-man-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD): Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi. C\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ra sao? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c Ng\u1ecdc Anh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD) trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1edf b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn trong ph\u1ed5i hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng qua tim, ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh COPD l\u00e0 ho kh\u00e0n, ho c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1eddm, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 th\u1edf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
Khi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p sau:<\/p>\n
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T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ph\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u00fai kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng sang b\u1ec7nh tim, gan cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
Vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i: Th\u1eddi gian b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 2 – 3 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ho, \u0111\u1eddm ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
$\"B\u1ec7nh$
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1eb9n m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
.<\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/strong>. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean. Khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong v\u00f9ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n
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C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong ph\u1ed5i b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0o hay c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f3i t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n
L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n
Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Alpha-1-antitrypsin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng cao \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u1ec1 gan v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 di ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, b\u1ec7nh hen, hay lao ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n
Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD). Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc COPD. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u00e3y th\u0103m kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. ((COPD<\/a>, Mayo Clinic, Truy c\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2021))<\/p>\n
Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh COPD<\/h2>\n
$\"Tri\u1ec7u$
Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/strong> c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n x\u1ea5u \u0111i theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh COPD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau. Khi ki\u1ec3m tra, t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb FEV1 s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 80%. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi test nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u00edt v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft. V\u1edbi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ho khan, ho \u0111\u1eddm k\u00e9o d\u00e0i<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb kh\u00f3 th\u1edf b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ed5i \u0111ang c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh COPD, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f3i b\u1ee5i,…Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai<\/h3>\n
Chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 n\u1eb7ng d\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 FEV1 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 sau khi ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 50 – 70%. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh COPD th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 ho nhi\u1ec1u, ho c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1eddm \u0111\u1eb7c g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i. \u0110\u00f4i khi kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 th\u1edf ra ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8 khi ng\u1ee7 say. Tuy ch\u01b0a \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc COPD.<\/p>\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ba<\/h3>\n
Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 FEV1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb t\u1eeb 30 – 45% sau khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh \u0111o\u1ea1n ba<\/strong> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n suy ph\u1ed5i. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n do t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng hay g\u1eb7p \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c c\u01a1n co gi\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t sao v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i<\/h3>\n
B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eafc t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i\u00a0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng hay g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
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Ho khan, ho c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3 nu\u1ed1t, kh\u00f3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n
Kh\u1ea1c ra \u0111\u1eddm \u0111\u1eb7c: Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y trong, k\u1ebft d\u00ednh khi ho nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1eddm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c xanh nh\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/li>\n
Vi\u1ec7c h\u00edt th\u1edf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n: C\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c h\u00edt v\u00e0o th\u1edf ra khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u00edm m\u00f4i, \u00f9 tai ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 th\u1edf khi n\u1eb1m.<\/li>\n
Trong th\u1eddi gian m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh, v\u00f9ng l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed3ng to do kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n
Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 FEV1 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p nhanh ch\u00f3ng kho\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 30% k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n
\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan sang c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn xung quanh nh\u01b0 suy tim, gi\u00e3n t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch, m\u1ea1ch tim kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh,…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng hay g\u1eb7p khi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh COPD<\/h2>\n
Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n
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H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng t\u1eeb vi khu\u1ea9n, t\u1ea1p khu\u1ea9n, virus, vi n\u1ea5m,… d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00f4 trong ph\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
M\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh COPD c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u1ec1 tim m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di c\u0103n sang ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh COPD th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/strong> s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
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S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng h\u00edt: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
D\u00f9ng th\u00eam thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3: C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1eddm, b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n
Th\u1edf m\u00e1y, d\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh oxy: Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh COPD \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed5i: B\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, c\u00e1ch h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf.<\/li>\n
Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p ph\u1ed5i khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed hay tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i. ((Ann Pietrangelo (Updated on January 22, 2021), Everything You Need to Know About Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)<\/a>, Healthline, Truy c\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2021))<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ph\u1ed5i tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u00ean \u0111i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vacxin c\u00fam, lao ph\u1ed5i s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh COPD hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u00f3 l\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u00e3y y\u00ean t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh COPD kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y lan v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, giao ti\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. B\u1edfi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, kh\u00f3i b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1eeb thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh s\u1ed1ng \u0111c bao l\u00e2u?<\/h3>\n
Ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc COPD th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh sau khi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 24%. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 55 – 65, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn 7 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 quan h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u00e3y chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh?<\/h3>\n
Sau \u0111i kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed th\u1edf. \u0110\u00f4i khi, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh COPD nh\u01b0 Thu\u1ed1c Albuterol\/ipratropium (Combivent Respimat); Albuterol (Proair HFA, Ventolin HFA); Ipratropium (Atrovent HFA); Levalbuterol (Xopenex).<\/p>\n
Khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o: Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1eeb ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0\u00a0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c mua thu\u1ed1c b\u00e1n l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD) hi\u1ec7n nay th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh COPD, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c Ng\u1ecdc Anh tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea3m \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ed5i m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD)! Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi. C\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ra sao? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c Ng\u1ecdc Anh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33423,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-y-te-suc-khoe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33421"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33421\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33423"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}