{"id":32491,"date":"2022-05-09T11:16:52","date_gmt":"2022-05-09T04:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vnras.com\/drug\/?p=32491"},"modified":"2022-05-10T09:24:55","modified_gmt":"2022-05-10T02:24:55","slug":"ngu-vi-huong-tren-ke-bep-va-vai-tro-cua-vien-gach-terpen-trong-ngoi-nha-hoa-thuc-vat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/ngu-vi-huong-tren-ke-bep-va-vai-tro-cua-vien-gach-terpen-trong-ngoi-nha-hoa-thuc-vat\/","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean k\u1ec7 b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch terpen trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c L\u01b0u V\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng<\/a> – Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean k\u1ec7 b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch terpen trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c TP HCM.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng hay Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb quen thu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f3n \u0103n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng (hay ng\u0169 h\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5n theo ti\u1ebfng Hoa) g\u1ed3m 5 d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u: xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau, qu\u1ebf, ti\u1ec3u h\u1ed3i, \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

\"ng\u0169
ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Qu\u1ebf<\/h2>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb quen thu\u1ed9c, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f3n \u0103n nh\u01b0 b\u00fan b\u00f2, kem, k\u1eb9o, k\u1eb9o gum nhai ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng trong cocktail (pha v\u1edbi whisky ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed9c chi Cinnamomum, h\u1ecd Lauraceae (Long n\u00e3o). V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean Qu\u1ebf L\u00e2m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay, gi\u1ea3n x\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y l\u00e0 Qu\u1ebf. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 Xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau, qu\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i qu\u1ebf, do m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i qu\u1ebf c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u1ede Sri Lanka l\u00e0 Cinnamomum verum (\u0111\u1ed3ng danh: C. zeylanicum, Zeylan hay Ceylon l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka), hay qu\u1ebf quan, qu\u1ebf T\u00edch Lan. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb “verum”, qu\u1ebf Sri Lanka \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ebf Thanh<\/strong>, Cinnamomum loureiroi \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Thanh H\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Jo\u00e3o de Loureiro, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 cho in t\u1eadp Flora Cochinchinensis khi v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, C. loureiroi c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ebf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u1ea3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Lo\u00e0i qu\u1ebf th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf g\u1ea7n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u00e0 Cinnamomum iners, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, qu\u1ebf Thanh c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1eed aldehyd cinnamic nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean t\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. Cinnamomum loureiroi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ebf Tr\u00e0 My, qu\u1ebf Tr\u00e0 B\u1ed3ng hay qu\u1ebf Qu\u1ef3 (Qu\u1ef3 Ch\u00e2u \u2013 Ngh\u1ec7 An), m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ebf Trung Hoa,<\/strong> Cinnamomum cassia th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng, V\u00e2n Nam. \u0110a s\u1ed1 qu\u1ebf cung c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y. Nh\u00ecn chung, qu\u1ebf Trung Hoa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t to c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n qu\u1ebf Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n

Trong tinh d\u1ea7u Qu\u1ebf<\/strong> ch\u1ee9a 55 – 76% aldehyd cinnamic, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 cinnamaldehyd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng shikimic. \u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 trans (E). Ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5u t\u1eed n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho m\u00f9i v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc n\u1eefa (v\u00e0ng) cho tinh d\u1ea7u qu\u1ebf. Cinnamaldehyd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb tinh d\u1ea7u qu\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1834 b\u1edfi Jean-Baptiste Dumas v\u00e0 Eug\u00e8ne-Melchior P\u00e9ligot v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd Luigi Chiozza t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1854.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 3 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong 50 n\u0103m n\u1eefa. Chi\u1ec1u cao tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3ng 3 m\u00e9t, l\u00e1 r\u1eadm. Nh\u1eefng thanh qu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t “ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” khi \u0111\u1ebfn tay c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 “c\u00e2y b\u00fat” m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn v\u00ed von. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e0nh non (qu\u1ebf chi), v\u1ecf th\u00e2n, v\u1ecf c\u00e0nh (qu\u1ebf nh\u1ee5c) hay g\u1ecdt b\u1ecf h\u1ebft b\u00ec th\u00f4 d\u00e0y, l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong m\u00e0u t\u00eda, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t ng\u1ecdt (qu\u1ebf t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 Cu\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n
\"h\u00ecnh
h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Con C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong> l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng thoang tho\u1ea3ng gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ebf. \u1ede con \u0111\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edb m\u01b0\u1eddi hai, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n V\u0169 B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i t\u00ean c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 sau: Tri\u1ec7u \u0110\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng khi \u0103n c\u01a1m v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u n\u00e0y n\u00ean g\u1eedi cho vua H\u00e1n m\u00f3n \u0103n n\u00e0y, \u0110\u00e0 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1\u201d \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00e2u c\u00e2y qu\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1u th\u1ea7n cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed1. H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebf nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng “Th\u1eed n\u00e3i \u0110\u00e0 chi cu\u1ed1ng d\u00e3” \u2013 \u00fd b\u1ea3o Tri\u1ec7u \u0110\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i th\u1eadt. V\u1ec1 sau, m\u00f3n \u0103n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, hay c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i h\u1ed3, ao, \u0111\u1ea7m hay c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i nh\u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n b\u00e8, k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t m\u1ed3i nh\u1edd c\u00e1c m\u00f3ng nh\u1ecdn. Hi\u1ec7n nay, do l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ea1i Campuchia, Th\u00e1i Lan, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft. B\u1ecdng tinh d\u1ea7u \u1edf g\u00e1y c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c l\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u00fan ch\u1ea3, b\u00fan thang, ch\u1ea3 c\u00e1, b\u00e1nh cu\u1ed1n, nh\u00e2n b\u00e1nh ch\u01b0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb trong ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong di\u1ec5n tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng \u2013 n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00fat quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c t\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n \u1edf T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u00e0o, Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u u \u2013 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n cung gia v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. Ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eddi v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Nam Vi\u1ec7t, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua D\u1ea1 Lang (ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 Qu\u00fd Ch\u00e2u).<\/p>\n

\u0110inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n

L\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u1ee5 hoa ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i Syzygium aromaticum, h\u1ecd Myrtaceae. Gia v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb Indonesia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kretek t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. Trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3ng 8000 \u0111\u1ebfn 10.000 n\u1ee5 \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00ec m\u1edbi cho ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 kg \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4. T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u01a1m h\u01a1i th\u1edf. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y t\u00ea v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n, ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t eugenol chi\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nha khoa hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m th\u01a1m h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb 2 vi\u1ec7c: b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1t khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. M\u00f9i h\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt trong h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a\/h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

\u0110inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong n\u1ea5u \u0103n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n hay \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nghi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng do n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh cho n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Gia v\u1ecb l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 \u1edf ch\u00e2u u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kretek) \u1edf Indonesia v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u1ea7n sa. \u0110inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tinh d\u1ea7u \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng xoa b\u00f3p d\u1ea7u th\u01a1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111au r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau<\/h2>\n
\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed9c chi Zanthoxylum, t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd, “g\u1ed7 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng”, h\u1ecd Rutaceae. Chi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1ebbn, Xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau, Hoa ti\u00eau hay Ho\u00e0ng m\u1ed9c. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u201cxuy\u00ean ti\u00eau\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0: Z. simulans, thanh hoa ti\u00eau – Z. armatum v\u00e0 h\u1ed3ng hoa ti\u00eau – Z. bungeanum. Xuy\u00ean ch\u1ec9 v\u00f9ng T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean, xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb cay, t\u00ea. \u1ea8m th\u1ef1c T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng cay, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng \u1edbt kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u00ea ng\u1ee9a khi d\u00f9ng xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau do hydroxy alpha sanshool, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi capsaicin. Do thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Rutaceae n\u00ean h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau ph\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng cam qu\u00fdt.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng m\u1eafc kh\u00e9n, hay m\u1eafc k\u00e9n (Z. rhetsa) l\u00e0m gia v\u1ecb. Thanh hoa ti\u00eau (Z. schinifolium) ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Hoa B\u1eafc hay H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Z. piperitum l\u00e0m gia v\u1ecb chopi\/sancho \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc, xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau (Piper nigrum, Piperaceae). Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf cho xuy\u00ean ti\u00eau trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec3u h\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n

Qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u01a1i hay s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Th\u00ec l\u00e0 Foeniculum vulgare, h\u1ecd Hoa t\u00e1n Apiaceae. Trong ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p, th\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 marathon d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng n\u01a1i x\u1ea3y ra tr\u1eadn Marathon c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec l\u00e0. C\u00e2y th\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 rau n\u00eam trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f3n c\u00e1 \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4 th\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 anise, aniseed hay anix \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i t\u00ean anise c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ecd Apiaceae: Pimpinella anisum hay Anethum graveolens. F. vulgare \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 fennel, P. anisum l\u00e0 anise v\u00e0 A. graveolens l\u00e0 dill.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00ec l\u00e0, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian vui t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng khi Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i, c\u00f4 n\u00e0ng\/anh ch\u00e0ng th\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed9n nh\u01b0ng Tr\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng hi\u1ebfu th\u1ea3o v\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean. Tr\u1eddi ng\u1eadp ng\u1eebng \u201cT\u00ean c\u1ee7a con l\u00e0\u2026 th\u00ec l\u00e0\u2026th\u00ec l\u00e0\u2026\u201d. B\u1ea1n \u1ea5y m\u1eebng qu\u00e1 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u00ean Th\u00ec l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i: v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2y Illicium verum, h\u1ecd Illiaceae. Illicium c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb illicio theo ti\u1ebfng Latin c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “d\u1eabn d\u1ee5, d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7”, v\u00e0 verum ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, ch\u00ednh danh”. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed3i v\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ec3u h\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ti\u1ec3u h\u1ed3i. V\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4i sao t\u00e1m c\u00e1nh n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 star anise.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf T\u00e2y Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n gia v\u1ecb cho ng\u00e0nh \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t acid shikimic (t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t). V\u00e0 acid shikimic th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Oseltamivir, t\u1ee9c bi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1ee3c Tamiflu d\u00f9ng trong b\u1ec7nh C\u00fam.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o l\u00fac d\u1ecbch H5N1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra n\u0103m 2005, ngu\u1ed3n cung Tamiflu b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch do vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i. Theo b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u, Tamiflu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb acid shikimic ho\u1eb7c acid quinic (t\u1eeb c\u00e2y Canh-ki-na). Sau \u0111\u00f3, thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Roche, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian sau n\u00e0y, acid shikimic c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb E. coli. Ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 Sau sau, B\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i v\u1eabn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 (3-7%).<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1eeb shikimic \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt shikimi, c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi hoa c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Illicium anisatum, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cao (ch\u1ee9a anistatin), ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng. Acid shikimic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung gian c\u1ee7a “Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng shikimic”, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3) – h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c acid amin th\u01a1m: phenylalanin, tryptophan, tyrosin. Do phenylalanin v\u00e0 tryptophan l\u00e0 acid amin thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea5p thu ch\u00fang t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n (c\u00f3 phenylalanin r\u1ed3i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tyrosin). V\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung gian n\u00ean trong \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, acid shikimic ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p. Acid shikimic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi Johan Fredrik Eykman v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1885. G\u1ea7n 50 n\u0103m sau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e1c terpen bay h\u01a1i \u2013 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n, ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00e2y. Vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3?<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c cho c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, n\u1ebfu th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 tinh d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00e2y-c\u00e2y, c\u00e2y-c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn mang l\u1ea1i m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 t\u00edch l\u0169y sinh h\u00f3a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u01a1i ch\u00fang s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c tinh d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng bay \u0111i, c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ra ch\u00fang l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c m\u00e0 ta hay m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1nh, m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thoang tho\u1ea3ng v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cm\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh t\u1ebf\u201d h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u1ede th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u khi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, thu h\u00fat c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (d\u1ec5) bay h\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c? C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ion, li\u00ean k\u1ebft Hydro li\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c) s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, gi\u1eef nhau l\u1ea1i, do \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9m bay h\u01a1i h\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bay h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eef l\u1ef1c gi\u1eef ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i trong dung d\u1ecbch hay ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi th\u0103ng hoa) v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Do \u0111\u00f3 hydrocarbon ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay hydrocarbon th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u00edt gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n, do n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hydrocarbon t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u201cxa l\u1ea1\u201d v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00edt d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a Oxy.<\/p>\n

Terpen<\/strong> c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb Turpentine \u2013 ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c, sau n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u t\u1eed ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u03b1-pinen v\u00e0 \u03b2-pinen. Turpentin th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c hydrocarbon n\u00ean h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng kh\u00e1 h\u1eafc\/g\u1eaft. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u201cl\u1ea1\u201d n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u01a1m\/h\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0m t\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1ee3c cho thu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y c\u1ecf l\u00e0m gia v\u1ecb, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi v\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. \u1ede V\u00e2n Nam, Qu\u00fd Ch\u00e2u hay v\u00f9ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u01a1i giao th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0: th\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3, m\u1eafc k\u00e9n. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Maluku t\u1eebng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung Hoa v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u u \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u1ea3o gia v\u1ecb\u201d do c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y: qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eadu kh\u1ea5u, gia v\u1ecb ch\u00f9y (l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eadu kh\u1ea5u), \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb c\u0169ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ra nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u1ecf m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u201cc\u01a1n s\u1ed1t\u201d trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed3i n\u00fai (Illicium griffithii) l\u00e0m gia v\u1ecb. Gia v\u1ecb t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00eam v\u1ecb cho th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0103n u\u1ed1ng ngon mi\u1ec7ng h\u01a1n, vai tr\u00f2 ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 th\u1ebf. Sau n\u00e0y, khi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi gia v\u1ecb m\u1edbi phong ph\u00fa nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam: T\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c gliflozin- M\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u \u2013 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110H Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c TP HCM.<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/h2>\n

Meents, A. K., & Mith\u00f6fer, A. (2020), \u201cPlant-Plant Communication: Is There a Role for Volatile Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns?\u201d, Frontiers in plant science, 11, 583275.<\/p>\n

Pichersky, E., Noel, J. P., & Dudareva, N. (2006), \u201cBiosynthesis of plant volatiles: nature’s diversity and ingenuity\u201d, Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5762), 808\u2013811.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c L\u01b0u V\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng – Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean k\u1ec7 b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch terpen trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt Ngu\u1ed3n: Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c TP HCM. Trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng hay Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u0169 v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 gia […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-y-te-suc-khoe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32491"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32491\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnras.com\/drug\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}